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英语反意疑问句重点难点归纳

A. 当陈述部分的主语是I,附加疑问部分一般用aren't I。如:  

I am strong and healthy, aren't I? 我很强健,对吗?

注意:若是用来征询对方的意见时,附加疑问部分用do you。如:

I don't like that film, do you?

B. 当陈述部分的主语是everybody, everyone, someone, nobody, no one, somebody等表示人的复合代词时,附加疑问句中的主语用he, 但口语中多用they。如:

Nobody wants to go there, does he/do they? 没有人想去那里,是不是?

C. 当陈述部分的主语是everything, nothing, anything, something等表示物的不定代词时,附加疑问句中的主语用it。如:   

Everything seems all right now, doesn't it? 似乎一切顺利,是不是?

D. 当陈述部分的主语是指示代词this, that或these, those时,附加疑问句中的主语分别用it和they。如:

This is important, isn't it? 此事很重要,是不是?

These are your books, aren't they? 这些是你的书,是不是?

E. 如果陈述部分是以代词one作主语,附加疑问句的主语在正式场合用one,非正式场合用you,在美国英语中,非正式场合下还可以用he。例如:

One can't be too careful, can one/can you? 越仔细越好,对不对?

One should do his duty, shouldn't he? 每个人都应当尽职,对不对?

F. 当陈述句为 there be 结构时,附加疑问句中的主语也用 there。如:

There's something wrong, isn't there? 出问题了,是不是?

G. 当陈述句子中的主语为动词不定式短语、动名词短语或其他短语时,疑问部分的主语通常用 it。例如:

Learning English well takes a long time, doesn't it? 学好英语需要很长时间,是不是?

Where to hold the meeting has not been decided, has it? 去哪里开会还没决定,是不是?

H. 陈述部分有neither . . . nor . . . , both . . . and . . . , 连接二个主语,问句部分的主语常用复数。

Neither you nor I am wrong, are we? 你我都没错,是吗?

Both Tom and Mary are new here, aren't they? 汤姆和玛丽是新来的,是不是?

I. 陈述部分带有 hardly, seldom, rarely, never, few, little, nowhere, nothing 等否定词或半否定词时,附加疑问部分的动词用肯定形式。如:

She seldom goes to the cinema, does she? 她很少去看电影,是吗?

J. 如果陈述部分含带有表示否定的前缀或后缀时,附加疑问部分仍用否定形式。如:

Tom dislikes the book, doesn't he? 汤姆不喜欢这本书,对不?

She is fearless, isn't she? 她什么都不怕,对不对?

K. 陈述部分有too . . . to . . . , 表示“太……而不能……”时,疑问句用肯定形式。如:

He is too excited to say a word, is he? 他兴奋得说不出话来,对吗?

L. 陈述部分用 so 开头,疑问句的肯定或否定与陈述句相同,表惊讶、不满或怀疑等情绪。如:

So you are getting married, are you? 那么说你已结婚了,是吗?

So you don't want to go with us, don't you? 那么,你不想和我们一块去,是吗?

M. 当陈述部分的 must 表示“必须”时,疑问部分用 mustn't 或 needn't。若有表示禁止的 mustn't 时,要用 must。如:

I must answer the letter, mustn't I? 我必须要回这封信,是不是?

You must leave for Beijing next week, needn't you? 你下周要去北京,对不?

You mustn't smoke here, must you? 你不得在这抽烟,好吗?

但是,如果 must 表示推测时,要根据 must 后的动词形式来决定。如:

He must be at home, isn't he? 他一定在家,对不对?

You must have made a mistake, haven't you? 你一定是弄错了,对吗?

They must have seen the film last night, didn't they? 他们昨晚一定是看了那部电影,对不对?

注:前句含表示推测的 must have done,若有 already, for two days 等完成时的时间状语时,用 haven't;有last night, yesterday 等明确的过去时间状语时,用 didn't;若两类时间状语都没有,根据情况用 haven't 或 didn't 都可以。

N. 当陈述部分含有情态动词 used to 时,疑问部分可用 usedn't 或 didn't。如:   

Tom used to live here, usedn't he/didn't he? 汤姆过去住在这里,是吗?

O. 当陈述部分带有情态动词 ought to 时,疑问部分用 oughtn't 或 shouldn't。如:

We ought to read this book, oughtn't /shouldn't we? 我们应当看看这本书,对不对?

P. 当陈述部分含有 had better 时,疑问部分用 had。如:

You'd better finish your homework first, hadn't you? 你最好先完成作业,好不好?

Q. 陈述句是 I wish…,疑问部分用may I…。如:

I wish to have a chance to learn English, may I? 我希望有机会学英语,可以吗?

R. 当陈述部分有表示“所有”的动 have(has)时,疑问部分用 have 或 do 都可以,若不是表示“有”时,只能用 do 的某种形式。如:

You have a car, haven't/don't you? 你没有汽车,是不是?

She didn't have supper yesterday, did she? 她昨天没吃晚饭,是吗?

S. 陈述部分含 have to 时,疑问部分多用 don't,间或也用 haven't。如:

Jack has to go there on foot, doesn't he? 杰克不得不步行去那里,对吗?

We have to get up early, haven't we? 我们不得不早起,是吗?

注:当 have to 被 have got to 取代时,疑问部分须用 have。如:

We have got to answer all these questions, haven't we? 我们得回答所有这些问题,对吗?

T. 在口语和非正式文体中,为了加强语气,只是表示某种惊奇、怀疑、反感、讽刺等感情而并不是为了寻求回答,这时前后两部分的肯定、否定是一致的。如:

Oh, he is a writer, is he? 哦,他是作家,对吗?

You'll not go, won't you? 你不去了,对不对?

U. 感叹句后的附加疑问句一般用否定式。如:

What fine weather, isn't it? 多好的天气呀,是吗?

How hard she works, doesn't she? 她工作多第努力呀,对吗?

陈述部分为I think that...如何构成反意疑问句

如果陈述部分为I think that...,那么该如何构成反意问句呢?请看题:

I don't think that he cares, __________?

A. do I B. does, he C. don't I D. doesn't he

此题应选 B。容易误选A。当陈述部分为主从复合句时,其反意问句要注意以下情况:

1. 对于一般的主从复合句,其反意问句通常与主句保持一致。如:

She says that I did it, doesn't she? 她说那是我干的,是吗?

He thinks that the price is too high, doesn't he? 他认为这价格太高了,是吗?

He told you that the meeting would be put off, didn't he? 他告诉你会议要延期,是吗?

2. 当陈述部分的主句为 I think, I suppose, I believe等结构时,反意问句通常与从句保持一致(注意否定的转移)。如:

I think that he is wrong, isn't he? 我认为他错了,是吗(他错了吗)?

I don't think he likes it, does he? 我认为他不喜欢它,是吗(他喜欢吗)?

注意:有时可见以下特殊形式的问句:I think he is wrong, don't you? 此句摘自《朗文当代英语词典》,其大意为:我认为他错了,你说呢? 其实此句中的don't you? 相当于 don't you think so?

以下实例也属类似情况:

I think she is mad, don't you?

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